refactored

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Patrick 2014-09-14 20:10:37 +02:00
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### Front Controller
A [front controller](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front_Controller_pattern) is a single point of entry for your application.
To start, create an empty directory for your project. You also need an entry point where all requests will go to. This means you will have to create an `index.php` file.
A common way to do this is to just put the `index.php` in the root folder of the projects. This is also how some frameworks do it. Let me explain why you should not do this.
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Now would be a good time to commit your progress. If you are not already using git, set up a repository now. This is not a git tutorial so I won't go over the details. But using version control should be a habit, even if it is just for a tutorial project like this.
What you have set up now is called a [front controller](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front_Controller_pattern). All requests are going to the same file that then decides what to do with it. This is a very common software design pattern.
[next >>](2-composer.md)

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### Composer
Just because you are not using a framework does not mean you will have to reinvent the wheel every time you want to do something. For PHP there is a dependency manager called composer that you can use to pull in 3rd party packages for your application.
[Composer](https://getcomposer.org/) is a dependency manager for PHP.
If you don't have composer installed already, head over to the [website](https://getcomposer.org/) and install it. You can find composer packages for your project on [packagist](https://packagist.org/).
Just because you are not using a framework does not mean you will have to reinvent the wheel every time you want to do something. With composer you can install 3rd party libraries for your application.
If you don't have composer installed already, head over to the website and install it. You can find composer packages for your project on [packagist](https://packagist.org/).
Create a new file in your project root folder called `composer.json`. This is the composer configuration file that will be used to configure your project and it's dependencies. It must be valid json or composer will fail.

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### Error Handler
The first package for the project will be an error handler that will provide you with nice errors. A nice error page with a lot of information for debugging goes a long way during development.
An error handler allows you to customize what happens if your code results in an error.
A nice error page with a lot of information for debugging goes a long way during development. So the first package for your application will take care of that.
I like [filp/whoops](https://github.com/filp/whoops), so I will show how you can install that package for your project. If you prefer another package, feel free to install that one. This is the beauty of programming without a framework, you have total control over your project.

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### Controllers
A quick definition before we start. When I talk about a controller in this tutorial then I am just referring to a class that has handler methods. I am not talking about [MVC (Model-View-Controller)](http://martinfowler.com/eaaCatalog/modelViewController.html) controllers. MVC can't be implemented properly in PHP anyways, at least not in the way it was originally conceived. So forget about MVC and instead let's worry about [separation of concerns](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_concerns).
to be continued...