From eb20213b940774a8eed8b3a43f6d4ac46e251da1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: lubiana <lubiana@hannover.ccc.de>
Date: Tue, 5 Apr 2022 19:09:40 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] add 'adding content' chapter

---
 14-middleware.md                              |   4 +-
 15-adding-content.md                          | 248 ++++++++++
 app/composer.json                             |   3 +-
 app/composer.lock                             | 460 +++++++++++++++++-
 app/config/dependencies.php                   |   4 +-
 app/config/middlewares.php                    |   2 -
 app/src/Action/Other.php                      |  13 +-
 app/src/Action/Page.php                       |  69 ++-
 app/src/Factory/DoctrineEm.php                |  12 +-
 app/src/Factory/SettingsContainerProvider.php |   2 +-
 app/src/Middleware/CacheMiddleware.php        |   5 +-
 app/src/Model/MarkdownPage.php                |  10 +-
 .../Repository/DoctrineMarkdownPageRepo.php   |  27 +-
 app/src/Repository/MarkdownPageFilesystem.php |   3 +-
 app/src/Template/GithubMarkdownRenderer.php   |  28 ++
 app/src/Template/MarkdownParser.php           |   8 +
 app/src/Template/ParsedownParser.php          |  17 +
 app/templates/page/list.html                  |  19 +
 app/templates/page/show.html                  |  13 +
 implementation/02-composer/composer.lock      | 188 +------
 20 files changed, 884 insertions(+), 251 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 15-adding-content.md
 create mode 100644 app/src/Template/GithubMarkdownRenderer.php
 create mode 100644 app/src/Template/MarkdownParser.php
 create mode 100644 app/src/Template/ParsedownParser.php
 create mode 100644 app/templates/page/list.html
 create mode 100644 app/templates/page/show.html

diff --git a/14-middleware.md b/14-middleware.md
index e698327..087e26b 100644
--- a/14-middleware.md
+++ b/14-middleware.md
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-[<< previous](12-refactoring.md) | [next >>](14-invoker.md)
+[<< previous](12-refactoring.md) | [next >>](15-adding-content.md)
 
 ### Middleware
 
@@ -295,4 +295,4 @@ Lets try if you can make the kernel work with our created Pipeline implementatio
 pipeline a little bit, so that it can accept a class-string of a middleware and resolves that with the help of a
 dependency container, if you want you can do that as well.
 
-[<< previous](12-refactoring.md) | [next >>](14-invoker.md)
+[<< previous](12-refactoring.md) | [next >>](15-adding-content.md)
diff --git a/15-adding-content.md b/15-adding-content.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d1a7348
--- /dev/null
+++ b/15-adding-content.md
@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+[<< previous](14-middleware.md) | [next >>](14-invoker.md)
+
+### Adding Content
+
+By now we did not really display anything but some examples to in our application and it is now time to make our app
+display some content. For example we could our app be able to display the Markdown files used in this tutorial as
+nicely rendered HTML Pages that can be viewed in the browser instead of the editor you are using.
+
+So lets start by copying the markdown files to our app directory. I have created a new folder 'data/pages' and placed all
+the markdown files in there.
+
+Next we need a markdown parser, a pretty simple one is [Parsedown](https://parsedown.org/), if you want more features
+you could also use the [Commonmark parser](https://commonmark.thephpleague.com/). I will choose Parsedown here, but you
+can use whatever you like.
+
+After installing Parsedown lets write a Markdownparser interface and an implementation using parsedown.
+
+We only need one function that receives a string of Markdown and returns the HTML represantion (as a string as well).
+
+
+
+```php
+<?php declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Lubian\NoFramework\Template;
+
+interface MarkdownParser
+{
+    public function parse(string $markdown): string;
+}
+```
+
+By the namespace you will already have guessed that I called placed in interface in a file calles MarkdownParser.php in
+the src/Template folder. Lets put our Parsedown implementation right next to it in a file called ParsedownParser.php
+
+```php
+<?php declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Lubian\NoFramework\Template;
+
+use Parsedown;
+
+final class ParsedownRenderer implements MarkdownParser
+{
+    public function __construct(private Parsedown $parser)
+    {
+    }
+
+    public function parse(string $markdown): string
+    {
+        return $this->parser->parse($markdown);
+    }
+}
+```
+
+We could now use the ParsedownRender class directly in our actions by typehinting the classname as an argument to the
+constructor or a method, but as we always want to rely on an interface instead of an implementation we need to define
+the the ParsedownRenderer as the correct implementation for the MarkdownRenderer interface in the dependencies file:
+
+```php
+...
+    \Lubian\NoFramework\Template\MarkdownParser::class => fn(\Lubian\NoFramework\Template\ParsedownParser $p) => $p,
+...
+```
+
+You can test that in our "Other.php" action and try out if the Parser works and is able to render Markdown to HTML:
+
+```php
+public function someFunctionName(ResponseInterface $response, MarkdownParser $parser): ResponseInterface
+{
+    $html = $parser->parse('This *works* **too!**');
+    $response->getBody()->write($html);
+    return $response->withStatus(200);
+}
+```
+
+But we want to display complete Pages written in Markdown, it would also be neat to be able to display a list of all
+available pages. For that we need a few things:
+
+Firstly we need two new Templates, one for the list of the Pages, and the second one for displaying a single pages
+content. Create a new folder in `templates/page` with to files:
+
+`templates/page/list.html`
+```html
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <title>Pages</title>
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/@picocss/pico@latest/css/pico.classless.min.css">
+</head>
+<body>
+<main>
+    <ul>
+        {{#pages}}
+        <li>
+            <a href="/page/{{title}}">{{id}}: {{title}}</a>
+        </li>
+        {{/pages}}
+    </ul>
+</main>
+</body>
+</html>
+```
+
+This template iterates over a provided array of pages, each element consists of the two properties: an id and a title,
+those are simply displayed using an unordered list.
+
+`templates/page/show.html`
+```html
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <title>{{title}}</title>
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/@picocss/pico@latest/css/pico.classless.min.css">
+</head>
+<body>
+<main>
+    {{{content}}}
+</main>
+</body>
+</html>
+```
+
+The second templates displays a single rendered markdown page. As data it expects the title and the content as array.
+I used an extra bracket for the content ```{{{content}}}``` so that the Mustache-Renderer does not escape the provided
+html and thereby destroys the the parsed markdown.
+
+You might have spotted that I added [Pico.css](https://picocss.com/) which is just a very small css framework to make the
+pages a little bit nicer to look at. It mostly provides some typography styles that work great with rendered Markdown,
+but you can leave that out or use any other css framework you like.
+
+After you have taken care of the templating side we can now create an new Action class with two methods to display use
+our markdown files and the templates to create the pages. As we have two templates I propose to use Two methods in our
+Action:
+`src/Action/Page.php`
+```php
+function show(string $name): \Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
+function list(): \Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
+```
+
+Lets define two routes. `/page` should display the overview of all pages, and if the add the name of chapter to the
+route, `/page/adding-content` for example, the show action should be called with the name as a variable:
+
+`config/routes.php`
+```php
+$r->addRoute('GET', '/page', [Page::class, 'list']);
+$r->addRoute('GET', '/page/{page}', [Page::class, 'show']);
+```
+
+Here is my Implementation. If have added a little regex replacement in the show method that replaces the links to the
+next and previous chapter so that it works with our routing configuration.
+
+`src/Action/Page.php`
+```php
+<?php declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Lubian\NoFramework\Action;
+
+use Lubian\NoFramework\Exception\InternalServerError;
+use Lubian\NoFramework\Template\MarkdownParser;
+use Lubian\NoFramework\Template\Renderer;
+use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
+
+use function array_filter;
+use function array_map;
+use function array_values;
+use function file_get_contents;
+use function glob;
+use function preg_replace;
+use function str_contains;
+use function str_replace;
+use function substr;
+
+class Page
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        private ResponseInterface $response,
+        private MarkdownParser $parser,
+        private Renderer $renderer,
+        private string $pagesPath = __DIR__ . '/../../data/pages/'
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    public function show(
+        string $page,
+    ): ResponseInterface {
+        $page = array_values(
+            array_filter(
+                $this->getPages(),
+                fn (string $filename) => str_contains($filename, $page)
+            )
+        )[0];
+        $markdown = file_get_contents($page);
+
+        // fix the next and previous buttons to work with our routing
+        $markdown = preg_replace('/\(\d\d-/m', '(', $markdown);
+        $markdown = str_replace('.md)', ')', $markdown);
+
+        $page = str_replace([$this->pagesPath, '.md'], ['', ''], $page);
+        $data = [
+            'title' => substr($page, 3),
+            'content' => $this->parser->parse($markdown),
+        ];
+        $html = $this->renderer->render('page/show', $data);
+        $this->response->getBody()->write($html);
+        return $this->response;
+    }
+
+    public function list(): ResponseInterface
+    {
+        $pages = array_map(function (string $page) {
+            $page = str_replace([$this->pagesPath, '.md'], ['', ''], $page);
+            return [
+                'id' => substr($page, 0, 2),
+                'title' => substr($page, 3),
+            ];
+        }, $this->getPages());
+        $html = $this->renderer->render('page/list', ['pages' => $pages]);
+        $this->response->getBody()->write($html);
+        return $this->response;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return string[]
+     */
+    private function getPages(): array
+    {
+        $files = glob($this->pagesPath . '*.md');
+        if ($files === false) {
+            throw new InternalServerError('cannot read pages');
+        }
+        return $files;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+You can now navigate your Browser to [localhost:1234/page][http://localhost:1234/page] and try out if everything works.
+
+Of course this code is far from looking good. We heavily rely on the pages being files in the filesystem, and the action
+should never be aware of the filesystem in the first place, also we have a lot of string replacements and other repetetive
+code in the file. And phpstan is gonna scream at us a lot, but if we rewrite the code to satisfy all the checks we would
+add even more lines to that simple class, so lets move on to the next chapter where we move all the logic to seperate
+classes following our holy SOLID principles :)
+
+
+[<< previous](14-middleware.md) | [next >>](14-invoker.md)
diff --git a/app/composer.json b/app/composer.json
index 04edde0..4809539 100644
--- a/app/composer.json
+++ b/app/composer.json
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@
     "middlewares/whoops": "^2.0",
     "erusev/parsedown": "^1.7",
     "symfony/cache": "^6.0",
-    "doctrine/orm": "^2.11"
+    "doctrine/orm": "^2.11",
+    "league/commonmark": "^2.2"
   },
   "autoload": {
     "psr-4": {
diff --git a/app/composer.lock b/app/composer.lock
index 904cfb4..648f2d5 100644
--- a/app/composer.lock
+++ b/app/composer.lock
@@ -4,8 +4,83 @@
         "Read more about it at https://getcomposer.org/doc/01-basic-usage.md#installing-dependencies",
         "This file is @generated automatically"
     ],
-    "content-hash": "a3762dd11bab0c9e948d3a73b7f252b9",
+    "content-hash": "1e8469bfebe6479a139b946b8aba49de",
     "packages": [
+        {
+            "name": "dflydev/dot-access-data",
+            "version": "v3.0.1",
+            "source": {
+                "type": "git",
+                "url": "https://github.com/dflydev/dflydev-dot-access-data.git",
+                "reference": "0992cc19268b259a39e86f296da5f0677841f42c"
+            },
+            "dist": {
+                "type": "zip",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/dflydev/dflydev-dot-access-data/zipball/0992cc19268b259a39e86f296da5f0677841f42c",
+                "reference": "0992cc19268b259a39e86f296da5f0677841f42c",
+                "shasum": ""
+            },
+            "require": {
+                "php": "^7.1 || ^8.0"
+            },
+            "require-dev": {
+                "phpstan/phpstan": "^0.12.42",
+                "phpunit/phpunit": "^7.5 || ^8.5 || ^9.3",
+                "scrutinizer/ocular": "1.6.0",
+                "squizlabs/php_codesniffer": "^3.5",
+                "vimeo/psalm": "^3.14"
+            },
+            "type": "library",
+            "extra": {
+                "branch-alias": {
+                    "dev-main": "3.x-dev"
+                }
+            },
+            "autoload": {
+                "psr-4": {
+                    "Dflydev\\DotAccessData\\": "src/"
+                }
+            },
+            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
+            "license": [
+                "MIT"
+            ],
+            "authors": [
+                {
+                    "name": "Dragonfly Development Inc.",
+                    "email": "info@dflydev.com",
+                    "homepage": "http://dflydev.com"
+                },
+                {
+                    "name": "Beau Simensen",
+                    "email": "beau@dflydev.com",
+                    "homepage": "http://beausimensen.com"
+                },
+                {
+                    "name": "Carlos Frutos",
+                    "email": "carlos@kiwing.it",
+                    "homepage": "https://github.com/cfrutos"
+                },
+                {
+                    "name": "Colin O'Dell",
+                    "email": "colinodell@gmail.com",
+                    "homepage": "https://www.colinodell.com"
+                }
+            ],
+            "description": "Given a deep data structure, access data by dot notation.",
+            "homepage": "https://github.com/dflydev/dflydev-dot-access-data",
+            "keywords": [
+                "access",
+                "data",
+                "dot",
+                "notation"
+            ],
+            "support": {
+                "issues": "https://github.com/dflydev/dflydev-dot-access-data/issues",
+                "source": "https://github.com/dflydev/dflydev-dot-access-data/tree/v3.0.1"
+            },
+            "time": "2021-08-13T13:06:58+00:00"
+        },
         {
             "name": "doctrine/cache",
             "version": "2.1.1",
@@ -1155,6 +1230,192 @@
             ],
             "time": "2022-03-29T20:12:16+00:00"
         },
+        {
+            "name": "league/commonmark",
+            "version": "2.2.3",
+            "source": {
+                "type": "git",
+                "url": "https://github.com/thephpleague/commonmark.git",
+                "reference": "47b015bc4e50fd4438c1ffef6139a1fb65d2ab71"
+            },
+            "dist": {
+                "type": "zip",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/thephpleague/commonmark/zipball/47b015bc4e50fd4438c1ffef6139a1fb65d2ab71",
+                "reference": "47b015bc4e50fd4438c1ffef6139a1fb65d2ab71",
+                "shasum": ""
+            },
+            "require": {
+                "ext-mbstring": "*",
+                "league/config": "^1.1.1",
+                "php": "^7.4 || ^8.0",
+                "psr/event-dispatcher": "^1.0",
+                "symfony/deprecation-contracts": "^2.1 || ^3.0",
+                "symfony/polyfill-php80": "^1.15"
+            },
+            "require-dev": {
+                "cebe/markdown": "^1.0",
+                "commonmark/cmark": "0.30.0",
+                "commonmark/commonmark.js": "0.30.0",
+                "composer/package-versions-deprecated": "^1.8",
+                "erusev/parsedown": "^1.0",
+                "ext-json": "*",
+                "github/gfm": "0.29.0",
+                "michelf/php-markdown": "^1.4",
+                "phpstan/phpstan": "^0.12.88 || ^1.0.0",
+                "phpunit/phpunit": "^9.5.5",
+                "scrutinizer/ocular": "^1.8.1",
+                "symfony/finder": "^5.3",
+                "symfony/yaml": "^2.3 | ^3.0 | ^4.0 | ^5.0 | ^6.0",
+                "unleashedtech/php-coding-standard": "^3.1",
+                "vimeo/psalm": "^4.7.3"
+            },
+            "suggest": {
+                "symfony/yaml": "v2.3+ required if using the Front Matter extension"
+            },
+            "type": "library",
+            "extra": {
+                "branch-alias": {
+                    "dev-main": "2.3-dev"
+                }
+            },
+            "autoload": {
+                "psr-4": {
+                    "League\\CommonMark\\": "src"
+                }
+            },
+            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
+            "license": [
+                "BSD-3-Clause"
+            ],
+            "authors": [
+                {
+                    "name": "Colin O'Dell",
+                    "email": "colinodell@gmail.com",
+                    "homepage": "https://www.colinodell.com",
+                    "role": "Lead Developer"
+                }
+            ],
+            "description": "Highly-extensible PHP Markdown parser which fully supports the CommonMark spec and GitHub-Flavored Markdown (GFM)",
+            "homepage": "https://commonmark.thephpleague.com",
+            "keywords": [
+                "commonmark",
+                "flavored",
+                "gfm",
+                "github",
+                "github-flavored",
+                "markdown",
+                "md",
+                "parser"
+            ],
+            "support": {
+                "docs": "https://commonmark.thephpleague.com/",
+                "forum": "https://github.com/thephpleague/commonmark/discussions",
+                "issues": "https://github.com/thephpleague/commonmark/issues",
+                "rss": "https://github.com/thephpleague/commonmark/releases.atom",
+                "source": "https://github.com/thephpleague/commonmark"
+            },
+            "funding": [
+                {
+                    "url": "https://www.colinodell.com/sponsor",
+                    "type": "custom"
+                },
+                {
+                    "url": "https://www.paypal.me/colinpodell/10.00",
+                    "type": "custom"
+                },
+                {
+                    "url": "https://github.com/colinodell",
+                    "type": "github"
+                },
+                {
+                    "url": "https://tidelift.com/funding/github/packagist/league/commonmark",
+                    "type": "tidelift"
+                }
+            ],
+            "time": "2022-02-26T21:24:45+00:00"
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "league/config",
+            "version": "v1.1.1",
+            "source": {
+                "type": "git",
+                "url": "https://github.com/thephpleague/config.git",
+                "reference": "a9d39eeeb6cc49d10a6e6c36f22c4c1f4a767f3e"
+            },
+            "dist": {
+                "type": "zip",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/thephpleague/config/zipball/a9d39eeeb6cc49d10a6e6c36f22c4c1f4a767f3e",
+                "reference": "a9d39eeeb6cc49d10a6e6c36f22c4c1f4a767f3e",
+                "shasum": ""
+            },
+            "require": {
+                "dflydev/dot-access-data": "^3.0.1",
+                "nette/schema": "^1.2",
+                "php": "^7.4 || ^8.0"
+            },
+            "require-dev": {
+                "phpstan/phpstan": "^0.12.90",
+                "phpunit/phpunit": "^9.5.5",
+                "scrutinizer/ocular": "^1.8.1",
+                "unleashedtech/php-coding-standard": "^3.1",
+                "vimeo/psalm": "^4.7.3"
+            },
+            "type": "library",
+            "extra": {
+                "branch-alias": {
+                    "dev-main": "1.2-dev"
+                }
+            },
+            "autoload": {
+                "psr-4": {
+                    "League\\Config\\": "src"
+                }
+            },
+            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
+            "license": [
+                "BSD-3-Clause"
+            ],
+            "authors": [
+                {
+                    "name": "Colin O'Dell",
+                    "email": "colinodell@gmail.com",
+                    "homepage": "https://www.colinodell.com",
+                    "role": "Lead Developer"
+                }
+            ],
+            "description": "Define configuration arrays with strict schemas and access values with dot notation",
+            "homepage": "https://config.thephpleague.com",
+            "keywords": [
+                "array",
+                "config",
+                "configuration",
+                "dot",
+                "dot-access",
+                "nested",
+                "schema"
+            ],
+            "support": {
+                "docs": "https://config.thephpleague.com/",
+                "issues": "https://github.com/thephpleague/config/issues",
+                "rss": "https://github.com/thephpleague/config/releases.atom",
+                "source": "https://github.com/thephpleague/config"
+            },
+            "funding": [
+                {
+                    "url": "https://www.colinodell.com/sponsor",
+                    "type": "custom"
+                },
+                {
+                    "url": "https://www.paypal.me/colinpodell/10.00",
+                    "type": "custom"
+                },
+                {
+                    "url": "https://github.com/colinodell",
+                    "type": "github"
+                }
+            ],
+            "time": "2021-08-14T12:15:32+00:00"
+        },
         {
             "name": "middlewares/trailing-slash",
             "version": "v2.0.1",
@@ -1378,6 +1639,153 @@
             },
             "time": "2022-01-21T06:08:36+00:00"
         },
+        {
+            "name": "nette/schema",
+            "version": "v1.2.2",
+            "source": {
+                "type": "git",
+                "url": "https://github.com/nette/schema.git",
+                "reference": "9a39cef03a5b34c7de64f551538cbba05c2be5df"
+            },
+            "dist": {
+                "type": "zip",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/nette/schema/zipball/9a39cef03a5b34c7de64f551538cbba05c2be5df",
+                "reference": "9a39cef03a5b34c7de64f551538cbba05c2be5df",
+                "shasum": ""
+            },
+            "require": {
+                "nette/utils": "^2.5.7 || ^3.1.5 ||  ^4.0",
+                "php": ">=7.1 <8.2"
+            },
+            "require-dev": {
+                "nette/tester": "^2.3 || ^2.4",
+                "phpstan/phpstan-nette": "^0.12",
+                "tracy/tracy": "^2.7"
+            },
+            "type": "library",
+            "extra": {
+                "branch-alias": {
+                    "dev-master": "1.2-dev"
+                }
+            },
+            "autoload": {
+                "classmap": [
+                    "src/"
+                ]
+            },
+            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
+            "license": [
+                "BSD-3-Clause",
+                "GPL-2.0-only",
+                "GPL-3.0-only"
+            ],
+            "authors": [
+                {
+                    "name": "David Grudl",
+                    "homepage": "https://davidgrudl.com"
+                },
+                {
+                    "name": "Nette Community",
+                    "homepage": "https://nette.org/contributors"
+                }
+            ],
+            "description": "📐 Nette Schema: validating data structures against a given Schema.",
+            "homepage": "https://nette.org",
+            "keywords": [
+                "config",
+                "nette"
+            ],
+            "support": {
+                "issues": "https://github.com/nette/schema/issues",
+                "source": "https://github.com/nette/schema/tree/v1.2.2"
+            },
+            "time": "2021-10-15T11:40:02+00:00"
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "nette/utils",
+            "version": "v3.2.7",
+            "source": {
+                "type": "git",
+                "url": "https://github.com/nette/utils.git",
+                "reference": "0af4e3de4df9f1543534beab255ccf459e7a2c99"
+            },
+            "dist": {
+                "type": "zip",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/nette/utils/zipball/0af4e3de4df9f1543534beab255ccf459e7a2c99",
+                "reference": "0af4e3de4df9f1543534beab255ccf459e7a2c99",
+                "shasum": ""
+            },
+            "require": {
+                "php": ">=7.2 <8.2"
+            },
+            "conflict": {
+                "nette/di": "<3.0.6"
+            },
+            "require-dev": {
+                "nette/tester": "~2.0",
+                "phpstan/phpstan": "^1.0",
+                "tracy/tracy": "^2.3"
+            },
+            "suggest": {
+                "ext-gd": "to use Image",
+                "ext-iconv": "to use Strings::webalize(), toAscii(), chr() and reverse()",
+                "ext-intl": "to use Strings::webalize(), toAscii(), normalize() and compare()",
+                "ext-json": "to use Nette\\Utils\\Json",
+                "ext-mbstring": "to use Strings::lower() etc...",
+                "ext-tokenizer": "to use Nette\\Utils\\Reflection::getUseStatements()",
+                "ext-xml": "to use Strings::length() etc. when mbstring is not available"
+            },
+            "type": "library",
+            "extra": {
+                "branch-alias": {
+                    "dev-master": "3.2-dev"
+                }
+            },
+            "autoload": {
+                "classmap": [
+                    "src/"
+                ]
+            },
+            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
+            "license": [
+                "BSD-3-Clause",
+                "GPL-2.0-only",
+                "GPL-3.0-only"
+            ],
+            "authors": [
+                {
+                    "name": "David Grudl",
+                    "homepage": "https://davidgrudl.com"
+                },
+                {
+                    "name": "Nette Community",
+                    "homepage": "https://nette.org/contributors"
+                }
+            ],
+            "description": "🛠  Nette Utils: lightweight utilities for string & array manipulation, image handling, safe JSON encoding/decoding, validation, slug or strong password generating etc.",
+            "homepage": "https://nette.org",
+            "keywords": [
+                "array",
+                "core",
+                "datetime",
+                "images",
+                "json",
+                "nette",
+                "paginator",
+                "password",
+                "slugify",
+                "string",
+                "unicode",
+                "utf-8",
+                "utility",
+                "validation"
+            ],
+            "support": {
+                "issues": "https://github.com/nette/utils/issues",
+                "source": "https://github.com/nette/utils/tree/v3.2.7"
+            },
+            "time": "2022-01-24T11:29:14+00:00"
+        },
         {
             "name": "nikic/fast-route",
             "version": "v1.3.0",
@@ -1763,6 +2171,56 @@
             },
             "time": "2021-11-05T16:50:12+00:00"
         },
+        {
+            "name": "psr/event-dispatcher",
+            "version": "1.0.0",
+            "source": {
+                "type": "git",
+                "url": "https://github.com/php-fig/event-dispatcher.git",
+                "reference": "dbefd12671e8a14ec7f180cab83036ed26714bb0"
+            },
+            "dist": {
+                "type": "zip",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/php-fig/event-dispatcher/zipball/dbefd12671e8a14ec7f180cab83036ed26714bb0",
+                "reference": "dbefd12671e8a14ec7f180cab83036ed26714bb0",
+                "shasum": ""
+            },
+            "require": {
+                "php": ">=7.2.0"
+            },
+            "type": "library",
+            "extra": {
+                "branch-alias": {
+                    "dev-master": "1.0.x-dev"
+                }
+            },
+            "autoload": {
+                "psr-4": {
+                    "Psr\\EventDispatcher\\": "src/"
+                }
+            },
+            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
+            "license": [
+                "MIT"
+            ],
+            "authors": [
+                {
+                    "name": "PHP-FIG",
+                    "homepage": "http://www.php-fig.org/"
+                }
+            ],
+            "description": "Standard interfaces for event handling.",
+            "keywords": [
+                "events",
+                "psr",
+                "psr-14"
+            ],
+            "support": {
+                "issues": "https://github.com/php-fig/event-dispatcher/issues",
+                "source": "https://github.com/php-fig/event-dispatcher/tree/1.0.0"
+            },
+            "time": "2019-01-08T18:20:26+00:00"
+        },
         {
             "name": "psr/http-factory",
             "version": "1.0.1",
diff --git a/app/config/dependencies.php b/app/config/dependencies.php
index 4a97f31..e2a3925 100644
--- a/app/config/dependencies.php
+++ b/app/config/dependencies.php
@@ -14,13 +14,14 @@ use Lubian\NoFramework\Http\Pipeline;
 use Lubian\NoFramework\Http\RoutedRequestHandler;
 use Lubian\NoFramework\Http\RouteMiddleware;
 use Lubian\NoFramework\Repository\CachedMarkdownPageRepo;
-use Lubian\NoFramework\Repository\DoctrineMarkdownPageRepo;
 use Lubian\NoFramework\Repository\MarkdownPageFilesystem;
 use Lubian\NoFramework\Repository\MarkdownPageRepo;
 use Lubian\NoFramework\Service\Time\Now;
 use Lubian\NoFramework\Service\Time\SystemClockNow;
 use Lubian\NoFramework\Settings;
+use Lubian\NoFramework\Template\MarkdownParser;
 use Lubian\NoFramework\Template\MustacheRenderer;
+use Lubian\NoFramework\Template\ParsedownParser;
 use Lubian\NoFramework\Template\Renderer;
 use Mustache_Engine as ME;
 use Mustache_Loader_FilesystemLoader as MLF;
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@ return [
     RequestFactory::class => fn (DiactorosRequestFactory $rf) => $rf,
     CacheInterface::class => fn (FilesystemAdapter $a) => $a,
     MarkdownPageRepo::class => fn (CachedMarkdownPageRepo $r) => $r,
+    MarkdownParser::class => fn (ParsedownParser $p) => $p,
 
     // Factories
     ResponseInterface::class => fn (ResponseFactory $rf) => $rf->createResponse(),
diff --git a/app/config/middlewares.php b/app/config/middlewares.php
index 459547e..71dd461 100644
--- a/app/config/middlewares.php
+++ b/app/config/middlewares.php
@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
 <?php declare(strict_types=1);
 
 use Lubian\NoFramework\Http\RouteMiddleware;
-use Lubian\NoFramework\Middleware\CacheMiddleware;
 use Middlewares\TrailingSlash;
 use Middlewares\Whoops;
 
 return [
     Whoops::class,
     TrailingSlash::class,
-    CacheMiddleware::class,
     RouteMiddleware::class,
 ];
diff --git a/app/src/Action/Other.php b/app/src/Action/Other.php
index 895796e..da9ceaf 100644
--- a/app/src/Action/Other.php
+++ b/app/src/Action/Other.php
@@ -2,18 +2,15 @@
 
 namespace Lubian\NoFramework\Action;
 
+use Lubian\NoFramework\Template\MarkdownParser;
 use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
 
 final class Other
 {
-    public function someFunctionName(ResponseInterface $response): ResponseInterface
+    public function someFunctionName(ResponseInterface $response, MarkdownParser $parser): ResponseInterface
     {
-        $body = $response->getBody();
-
-        $body->write('This works too!');
-
-        return $response
-            ->withStatus(200)
-            ->withBody($body);
+        $html = $parser->parse('This *works* **too!**');
+        $response->getBody()->write($html);
+        return $response->withStatus(200);
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/src/Action/Page.php b/app/src/Action/Page.php
index 9fb86c2..6a3aad0 100644
--- a/app/src/Action/Page.php
+++ b/app/src/Action/Page.php
@@ -2,50 +2,79 @@
 
 namespace Lubian\NoFramework\Action;
 
-use Lubian\NoFramework\Model\MarkdownPage;
-use Lubian\NoFramework\Repository\MarkdownPageFilesystem;
-use Lubian\NoFramework\Repository\MarkdownPageRepo;
+use Lubian\NoFramework\Exception\InternalServerError;
+use Lubian\NoFramework\Template\MarkdownParser;
 use Lubian\NoFramework\Template\Renderer;
-use Parsedown;
 use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
 
+use function array_filter;
+use function array_map;
+use function array_values;
+use function file_get_contents;
+use function glob;
 use function preg_replace;
+use function str_contains;
 use function str_replace;
+use function substr;
 
 class Page
 {
     public function __construct(
         private ResponseInterface $response,
-        private MarkdownPageRepo $repo,
-        private Parsedown $parsedown,
+        private MarkdownParser $parser,
         private Renderer $renderer,
-    ){}
+        private string $pagesPath = __DIR__ . '/../../data/pages/'
+    ) {
+    }
+
     public function show(
         string $page,
     ): ResponseInterface {
-        $page = $this->repo->byTitle($page);
-        $content = $this->linkFilter($page->content);
-        $content = $this->parsedown->parse($content);
-        $html = $this->renderer->render('page', ['content' => $content, 'title' => $page->title]);
+        $page = array_values(
+            array_filter(
+                $this->getPages(),
+                fn (string $filename) => str_contains($filename, $page)
+            )
+        )[0];
+        $markdown = file_get_contents($page);
+
+        // fix the next and previous buttons to work with our routing
+        $markdown = preg_replace('/\(\d\d-/m', '(', $markdown);
+        $markdown = str_replace('.md)', ')', $markdown);
+
+        $page = str_replace([$this->pagesPath, '.md'], ['', ''], $page);
+        $data = [
+            'title' => substr($page, 3),
+            'content' => $this->parser->parse($markdown),
+        ];
+        $html = $this->renderer->render('page/show', $data);
         $this->response->getBody()->write($html);
         return $this->response;
     }
 
     public function list(): ResponseInterface
     {
-        $pages = array_map(
-            fn (MarkdownPage $p) => ['title' => $p->title, 'id' => $p->id],
-            $this->repo->all()
-        );
-        $html = $this->renderer->render('pagelist', ['pages' => $pages]);
+        $pages = array_map(function (string $page) {
+            $page = str_replace([$this->pagesPath, '.md'], ['', ''], $page);
+            return [
+                'id' => substr($page, 0, 2),
+                'title' => substr($page, 3),
+            ];
+        }, $this->getPages());
+        $html = $this->renderer->render('page/list', ['pages' => $pages]);
         $this->response->getBody()->write($html);
         return $this->response;
-
     }
 
-    private function linkFilter(string $content): string
+    /**
+     * @return string[]
+     */
+    private function getPages(): array
     {
-        $content = preg_replace('/\(\d\d-/m', '(', $content);
-        return str_replace('.md)', ')', $content);
+        $files = glob($this->pagesPath . '*.md');
+        if ($files === false) {
+            throw new InternalServerError('cannot read pages');
+        }
+        return $files;
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/src/Factory/DoctrineEm.php b/app/src/Factory/DoctrineEm.php
index be24e7f..b0be39b 100644
--- a/app/src/Factory/DoctrineEm.php
+++ b/app/src/Factory/DoctrineEm.php
@@ -1,7 +1,4 @@
-<?php
-
-declare(strict_types=1);
-
+<?php declare(strict_types=1);
 
 namespace Lubian\NoFramework\Factory;
 
@@ -13,7 +10,10 @@ use Lubian\NoFramework\Settings;
 
 final class DoctrineEm
 {
-    public function __construct(private Settings $settings){}
+    public function __construct(private Settings $settings)
+    {
+    }
+
     public function create(): EntityManagerInterface
     {
         $config = Setup::createConfiguration($this->settings->doctrine['devMode']);
@@ -29,4 +29,4 @@ final class DoctrineEm
             $config,
         );
     }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/app/src/Factory/SettingsContainerProvider.php b/app/src/Factory/SettingsContainerProvider.php
index baf278b..5b89266 100644
--- a/app/src/Factory/SettingsContainerProvider.php
+++ b/app/src/Factory/SettingsContainerProvider.php
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ final class SettingsContainerProvider implements ContainerProvider
         $dependencies = require $settings->dependenciesFile;
         $dependencies[Settings::class] = $settings;
         $builder->addDefinitions($dependencies);
-       // $builder->enableCompilation('/tmp');
+        // $builder->enableCompilation('/tmp');
         return $builder->build();
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/src/Middleware/CacheMiddleware.php b/app/src/Middleware/CacheMiddleware.php
index 2ff6f6e..1bd58c5 100644
--- a/app/src/Middleware/CacheMiddleware.php
+++ b/app/src/Middleware/CacheMiddleware.php
@@ -19,13 +19,12 @@ final class CacheMiddleware implements MiddlewareInterface
         private CacheInterface $cache,
         private Response\Serializer $serializer,
         private Settings $settings,
-    )
-    {
+    ) {
     }
 
     public function process(ServerRequestInterface $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler): ResponseInterface
     {
-        if ($request->getMethod() === 'GET' && !$this->settings->isDev()) {
+        if ($request->getMethod() === 'GET' && ! $this->settings->isDev()) {
             $key = (string) $request->getUri();
             $key = base64_encode($key);
             $callback = fn () => $handler->handle($request);
diff --git a/app/src/Model/MarkdownPage.php b/app/src/Model/MarkdownPage.php
index 73f001d..bae383c 100644
--- a/app/src/Model/MarkdownPage.php
+++ b/app/src/Model/MarkdownPage.php
@@ -3,17 +3,15 @@
 namespace Lubian\NoFramework\Model;
 
 use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Types;
-use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Column;
-use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Entity;
-use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\GeneratedValue;
-use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Id;
 
 #[Entity]
 class MarkdownPage
 {
     public function __construct(
-        #[Id, Column, GeneratedValue]
-        public int|null $id = null,
+        #[Id,
+        Column,
+        GeneratedValue]
+        public int |null $id = null,
         #[Column]
         public string $title,
         #[Column(type: Types::TEXT)]
diff --git a/app/src/Repository/DoctrineMarkdownPageRepo.php b/app/src/Repository/DoctrineMarkdownPageRepo.php
index f107c9e..8d1d457 100644
--- a/app/src/Repository/DoctrineMarkdownPageRepo.php
+++ b/app/src/Repository/DoctrineMarkdownPageRepo.php
@@ -1,7 +1,4 @@
-<?php
-
-declare(strict_types=1);
-
+<?php declare(strict_types=1);
 
 namespace Lubian\NoFramework\Repository;
 
@@ -10,15 +7,17 @@ use Doctrine\ORM\EntityRepository;
 use Lubian\NoFramework\Exception\NotFound;
 use Lubian\NoFramework\Model\MarkdownPage;
 
+use function random_int;
+use function usleep;
+
 final class DoctrineMarkdownPageRepo implements MarkdownPageRepo
 {
-    /**
-     * @var EntityRepository<MarkdownPage>
-     */
+    /** @var EntityRepository<MarkdownPage> */
     private EntityRepository $repo;
+
     public function __construct(
         private EntityManagerInterface $entityManager
-    ){
+    ) {
         $this->repo = $this->entityManager->getRepository(MarkdownPage::class);
     }
 
@@ -27,15 +26,15 @@ final class DoctrineMarkdownPageRepo implements MarkdownPageRepo
      */
     public function all(): array
     {
-        usleep(rand(500, 1500) * 1000);
+        usleep(random_int(500, 1500) * 1000);
         return $this->repo->findAll();
     }
 
     public function byId(int $id): MarkdownPage
     {
-        usleep(rand(500, 1500) * 1000);
+        usleep(random_int(500, 1500) * 1000);
         $page = $this->repo->findOneBy(['id' => $id]);
-        if (!$page instanceof MarkdownPage){
+        if (! $page instanceof MarkdownPage) {
             throw new NotFound;
         }
         return $page;
@@ -43,9 +42,9 @@ final class DoctrineMarkdownPageRepo implements MarkdownPageRepo
 
     public function byTitle(string $title): MarkdownPage
     {
-        usleep(rand(500, 1500) * 1000);
+        usleep(random_int(500, 1500) * 1000);
         $page = $this->repo->findOneBy(['title' => $title]);
-        if (!$page instanceof MarkdownPage){
+        if (! $page instanceof MarkdownPage) {
             throw new NotFound;
         }
         return $page;
@@ -57,4 +56,4 @@ final class DoctrineMarkdownPageRepo implements MarkdownPageRepo
         $this->entityManager->flush();
         return $page;
     }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/app/src/Repository/MarkdownPageFilesystem.php b/app/src/Repository/MarkdownPageFilesystem.php
index 1d70998..25dfd97 100644
--- a/app/src/Repository/MarkdownPageFilesystem.php
+++ b/app/src/Repository/MarkdownPageFilesystem.php
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ use function count;
 use function file_get_contents;
 use function glob;
 use function is_array;
+use function random_int;
 use function str_replace;
 use function substr;
 use function usleep;
@@ -31,7 +32,7 @@ final class MarkdownPageFilesystem implements MarkdownPageRepo
         $fileNames = glob($this->dataPath . '*.md');
         assert(is_array($fileNames));
         return array_map(function (string $name): MarkdownPage {
-            usleep(rand(200, 500) * 1000);
+            usleep(random_int(200, 500) * 1000);
             $content = file_get_contents($name);
             $name = str_replace($this->dataPath, '', $name);
             $name = str_replace('.md', '', $name);
diff --git a/app/src/Template/GithubMarkdownRenderer.php b/app/src/Template/GithubMarkdownRenderer.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..121504b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/Template/GithubMarkdownRenderer.php
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<?php declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Lubian\NoFramework\Template;
+
+use League\CommonMark\Environment\Environment;
+use League\CommonMark\Extension\CommonMark\CommonMarkCoreExtension;
+use League\CommonMark\Extension\GithubFlavoredMarkdownExtension;
+use League\CommonMark\MarkdownConverter;
+
+final class GithubMarkdownRenderer implements MarkdownRenderer
+{
+    private MarkdownConverter $engine;
+
+    public function __construct(
+        CommonMarkCoreExtension $commonMarkCoreExtension,
+        GithubFlavoredMarkdownExtension $githubFlavoredMarkdownExtension,
+    ) {
+        $environment = new Environment([]);
+        $environment->addExtension($commonMarkCoreExtension);
+        $environment->addExtension($githubFlavoredMarkdownExtension);
+        $this->engine = new MarkdownConverter($environment);
+    }
+
+    public function render(string $markdown): string
+    {
+        return (string) $this->engine->convert($markdown);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/src/Template/MarkdownParser.php b/app/src/Template/MarkdownParser.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d404005
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/Template/MarkdownParser.php
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?php declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Lubian\NoFramework\Template;
+
+interface MarkdownParser
+{
+    public function parse(string $markdown): string;
+}
diff --git a/app/src/Template/ParsedownParser.php b/app/src/Template/ParsedownParser.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ffd287
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/src/Template/ParsedownParser.php
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<?php declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Lubian\NoFramework\Template;
+
+use Parsedown;
+
+final class ParsedownParser implements MarkdownParser
+{
+    public function __construct(private Parsedown $parser)
+    {
+    }
+
+    public function parse(string $markdown): string
+    {
+        return $this->parser->parse($markdown);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/templates/page/list.html b/app/templates/page/list.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bf42348
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/templates/page/list.html
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+    <head>
+        <meta charset="UTF-8">
+        <title>Pages</title>
+        <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/@picocss/pico@latest/css/pico.classless.min.css">
+    </head>
+    <body>
+        <main>
+            <ul>
+            {{#pages}}
+                <li>
+                    <a href="/page/{{title}}">{{id}}: {{title}}</a>
+                </li>
+            {{/pages}}
+            </ul>
+        </main>
+    </body>
+</html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/templates/page/show.html b/app/templates/page/show.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ebe707a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/templates/page/show.html
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+    <head>
+        <meta charset="UTF-8">
+        <title>{{title}}</title>
+        <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/@picocss/pico@latest/css/pico.classless.min.css">
+    </head>
+    <body>
+        <main>
+          {{{content}}}
+        </main>
+    </body>
+</html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/implementation/02-composer/composer.lock b/implementation/02-composer/composer.lock
index 31ecc9c..6d84747 100644
--- a/implementation/02-composer/composer.lock
+++ b/implementation/02-composer/composer.lock
@@ -4,191 +4,9 @@
         "Read more about it at https://getcomposer.org/doc/01-basic-usage.md#installing-dependencies",
         "This file is @generated automatically"
     ],
-    "content-hash": "83df32885d5f14b3e3e8dd6d88fafd23",
-    "packages": [
-        {
-            "name": "filp/whoops",
-            "version": "2.14.5",
-            "source": {
-                "type": "git",
-                "url": "https://github.com/filp/whoops.git",
-                "reference": "a63e5e8f26ebbebf8ed3c5c691637325512eb0dc"
-            },
-            "dist": {
-                "type": "zip",
-                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/filp/whoops/zipball/a63e5e8f26ebbebf8ed3c5c691637325512eb0dc",
-                "reference": "a63e5e8f26ebbebf8ed3c5c691637325512eb0dc",
-                "shasum": ""
-            },
-            "require": {
-                "php": "^5.5.9 || ^7.0 || ^8.0",
-                "psr/log": "^1.0.1 || ^2.0 || ^3.0"
-            },
-            "require-dev": {
-                "mockery/mockery": "^0.9 || ^1.0",
-                "phpunit/phpunit": "^4.8.36 || ^5.7.27 || ^6.5.14 || ^7.5.20 || ^8.5.8 || ^9.3.3",
-                "symfony/var-dumper": "^2.6 || ^3.0 || ^4.0 || ^5.0"
-            },
-            "suggest": {
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